Sinais clínicos e patologia da intoxicação crônica experimental de caprinos por palicourea marcgravii / Clinical signs and pathology of chronic experimental poisoning by palicourea marcgravii in goats

Palicourea marcgravii é considerada a principal planta tóxica de interesse pecuário no Brasil, porém, até o momento, é conhecido apenas o quadro agudo da intoxicação. Esse estudo avaliou as alterações clínico-patológicas de 10 caprinos cronicamente intoxicados por P. marcgravii. Os animais receberam, diariamente, 0,2g/kg de peso corporal da planta fresca por 6 a 38 dias. Os caprinos apresentaram como principais sinais clínicos anorexia, apatia, taquicardia, arritmia, pulso venoso jugular positivo e decúbito. Nas necropsias, os achados macroscópicos foram hidropericárdio, palidez dos rins e do miocárdio, atrofia gelatinosa da gordura cardíaca, evidenciação do padrão lobular hepático e edema pulmonar. Os principais achados microscópicos foram tumefação e vacuolização de cardiomiócitos, necrose de fibras cardíacas e infiltrado inflamatório mononuclear no miocárdio. Nos rins foi encontrada marcante degeneração hidrópico-vacuolar difusa. Os achados demonstraram nos caprinos cronicamente intoxicados, quadro clínico-patológico com características distintas do observado na forma aguda da intoxicação por P. marcgravii. Essas observações comprovam o risco para caprinos da ingestão da planta, mesmo que em pequenas doses, resultando no surgimento de quadro clínico e graves lesões ainda pouco conhecidas, e que poderiam ser confundidas com outras enfermidades.

Palicourea marcgravii is considered the main toxic plant for livestock in Brazil, however, only the acute intoxication has been reported. This study reports the clinical and pathological changes of 10 goats chronically intoxicated by P. marcgravii. The animals received, daily, 0.2g/kg body weight of the fresh plant during 6 to 38 days. The main clinical signs were anorexia, lethargy, tachycardia, arrhythmia, positive jugular venous pulse and recumbency. At necropsies, the lesions were pale kidneys and myocardium, serous atrophy of cardiac fat, evident hepatic lobular pattern and pulmonary edema. The main microscopic findings were swelling and vacuolization of cardiomyocytes, cardiac necrosis and inflammatory mononuclear infiltrate of the myocardium. The kidneys showed diffuse vacuolar hydropic degeneration of the epithelium. These findings demonstrated that goats chronically intoxicated by P. marcgravii show distinct clinicopathologic features than those observed in the acute form of the poisoning. It is suggested that goats may be spontaneously become intoxicated by the ingestion of small repeated doses of the plant and that the poisoning can be confused with other diseases.

Macroscopic morphology and arterial vascular supply of thymus in fowls (Gallus gallus domesticus) of Red Bro Cou Nu lineag - doi: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v34i4.8529

Twenty-eight fowls (Gallus gallus domesticus) of the Red Bro Cou Nu lineage were studied. They were about 35 days old and had their arteries filled with Neoprene Latex 450", aqueous solution at 50%, stained with specific pigment (Globo S/A, Tintas e Pigmentos), and then fixed in aqueous solution of formaldehyde at 10%. The present study aimed to quantify the thymic lobes and identify the main arteries responsible for the blood supply of these lobes and their frequencies. The number of thymic lobes on the right antimere varied from two to 11, with a greater frequency of 8 lobes; and the left antimere showed a variation from one to eight, with a greater frequency of five lobes. The arteries destined to the thymus were composed by direct and indirect branches of the following arteries: left and right common vagus nerve, left and right cranial thyroid, left and right caudal thyroid, left and right ascending esophageal, right ingluvial, left and right cutaneous, and right common carotid. The right thymic lobes, regardless their origin, received from eight to 27 vascular branches, and the left thymic lobes, from eight to 24 branches.

Terapia triple con lansoprazol, amoxicilina y claritromicina durante 10 dias (LAC-10) erradica Helicobacter pylori / Triple therapy with lansoprazole, amoxicilin and clarotomycin for H. Pylori in Colombia

Se detectó la presencia de autoanticuerpos contra la mucosa gástrica en pacientes con enfermedad gastroduodenal e infectados con Helicobacter pylori. Métodos: se estudiaron 39 pacientes, se tomaron biopsias gástricas y suero. Los anticuerpos IgG anti H. pylori se detectaron por la técnica de ELISA. Para la detección de anticuerpos antigástricos se utilizaron técnicas de inmunohistoquímica. Resultados: se detectó la bacteria en el 97,5 por ciento de los casos. Los anticuerpos contra la mucosa gástrica se encontraron en el 12,8 por ciento de los pacientes. Se hallaron dos patrones: a) autoanticuerpos contras las células parietales, b) autoanticuerpos contra la membrana apical del epitelio glandular. Conclusión: se evidenció la presencia de autoanticuerpos contra la mucosa gástrica en pacientes con enfermedad gastroduodenal, infectados con Helicobacter pylori. La presencia de autoanticuerpos puede estar involucrada en el desarrollo de la in.amación y posterior atro.a de la mucosa

Factores dietéticos, protectores y de riesgo para infección por Helicobacter pylori

La prevalencia del Helicobacter pylori es alta en nuestro medio, hay informes del 90 por ciento en algunas series de personas sanas. Existen controversia con respecto a la vía de transmisión. Hay algunas evidencias que sugieren que la bacteria ingresa por vía oral. Este trabajo trata de identificar las posibles variables ambientales y/o de la dieta que aumentan el riesgo o protegen de esta infección. Se estudiaron 146 pacientes, 65 con Helicobacter positivos y 81 sin la presencia de la bacteria documentadas por histología. A estas pacientes se les aplicó una encuesta de las condiciones ambientales y dietarias del individuo. En los resultados se encontró como factor protector el hervir el agua, mientras el consumo de pescado y alimentos callejeros se constituyeron como un riesgo para adquirir la infección. Este trabajo sugiere que el hervir el agua puede constituir una medida sanitaria para disminuir el riesgo de infección

Alteraciones hepáticas durante el embarazo

During pregnancy, biochemical evaluation of the liver is affected in many significan ways. Alkaline phosphatase increases in the third trimester and rapidly returns to the normal limits after delivery. This increase is clearly secondary to the placental isoenzyme. AST and ALT are usually normal and GGTP doens't changes significantly. Hepatic flow remains unchanged and estrogen levels increase leading to several metabolic and cutaneous changes, such as hepatic palms and systemic vasodilatation. Liver diseases that occur during pregnancy can be classified as follows: a) Entities exclusive of pregnancy, b) Pregnancy associated diseases, and c) Previous liver diseases. The first group included: 1. Cholestasis of pregnancy, described mainly in Scandinavian and Chilean women and characterized by pruritus in the third trimester, biochemical evidence of cholestasis, increased frequency of cholelitiasis and fetal problems. The entity usually recurs in other pregnancies or during exposure to estrogens. Prognosis is good and the patient improves rapidly after delivery. Several reports have shown that s-Adenosyl-Methionine can be effective. 2) Hyperemesis gravidarum, characterized by protacted vomiting associated to significant malnutrition. Liver function tests are usually abnormal and the liver biopsy shows no specific changes. Prognosis is usually good and most of the patients improved spontaneously. 3) Acute fatty liver, is one of the causes of liver failure during the third trimester and is associated with a very high maternal mortality. Clinically the patient presents with encephalopathy, biochemical evidence of liver failure and microvesicular fat in the liver...

Absceso hepatico amibiano: Comportamiento clinico y evolucion / Amebic liver abscess: Clinical findings and evolution

Se presentan 30 casos de absceso hepatico amibiano estudiados en el Hospital Universitario del Valle (HUV) en los anos 1981 y 1982, en los cuales el diagnostico se establecio por gammagrafia hepatica al ingreso. Se discuten los metodos diagnosticos, las modalidades terapeuticas y el comportamiento clinico. En 14 pacientes se llevo a cabo control gammagrafico para determinar el tiempo de resolucion del absceso